How it works:
Metformin belongs to the biguanide class and is considered first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. It reduces hepatic glucose production, increases peripheral insulin sensitivity, and enhances glucose uptake in muscle tissue. It does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore has a low risk of hypoglycemia when used alone.
Metformin may also contribute to modest weight reduction and improvement of lipid parameters in overweight patients.
Recommended for:
Clinical evidence:
Metformin is one of the most extensively studied medications in endocrinology. Large clinical trials, including the UKPDS study, demonstrated a reduction in both microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Long-term clinical use confirms its established safety and effectiveness.
International treatment guidelines recommend metformin as first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in overweight patients. Used to control blood glucose levels, reduce insulin resistance, and help prevent diabetic complications. It may be used alone or in combination with insulin or other antidiabetic medications.
The medication should be taken orally with or after meals and swallowed with sufficient water. The dosage is individualized based on glycemic control and tolerability. Do not exceed the prescribed dose.
Contraindications:
Side effects:
