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By Medical Journalist | Sacred Leaves Global News | July 2025
In recent years, colorectal cancer rates have surged among individuals under 50 — a troubling trend that has scientists investigating its causes. Dr. Neelendu Dey, an associate professor at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center in Seattle, is exploring how the gut microbiome — the trillions of microorganisms living in our intestines — may play a critical role in both the prevention and progression of colon cancer.
“We know there are significant correlations between the presence of specific gut microbes and cancer risk,” Dr. Dey explains.
The human colon is home to trillions of microbes that help regulate inflammation, digestion, and even the immune system. A diverse gut microbiome is increasingly associated with lower risks of chronic diseases, including colorectal cancer, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
Dey’s lab is working to personalize nutrition-based interventions that could reduce precancerous growths (polyps) by understanding how specific microbes respond to ingredients in one’s diet.
At 45, Dr. Dey follows the American Cancer Society’s recommendation to begin regular colonoscopies for early detection. Beyond screening, he follows three daily habits that help promote a healthy gut and potentially lower cancer risk.
Fiber is the primary fuel for good gut bacteria. Foods rich in fiber include fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and oats. Research (e.g., the American Gut Project) has shown that people who consume 30+ plant-based foods per week have significantly more diverse microbiomes than those who eat 10 or fewer.
Dr. Dey, who is of South Asian descent, often prepares Indian meals featuring lentils, chickpeas, and fiber-rich spices. He emphasizes the variety of fibers as key: different microbes feed on different fibers.
Ultra-processed foods — like protein bars, frozen pizzas, and snacks with artificial additives — have been strongly associated with increased cancer risk, including colorectal cancer. These foods are often low in fiber and contain emulsifiers and stabilizers that may disrupt gut flora.
Dr. Dey avoids them when possible, opting instead for whole foods. “If I have the time, I would rather eat a fresh apple than a processed bar that contains an apple,” he says.
Dr. Dey participates in soccer and kickball leagues and exercises regularly. Beyond cardiovascular benefits, physical activity improves gut motility, reducing contact between toxins and the colon lining. Studies also suggest exercise increases microbial diversity — a marker of gut health.
“Working with your microbiome is like practicing the violin every day — it requires consistency,” says Dr. Dey.
Exercise regularly for a healthier gut